Shingle



Jan. 1, 3929., 1&97539 w. w. WEAVER SHINGLE Filedfiej? i325 WITNESSES II. INVENTOR: U/Zia 2 I TTORNEYS.

Patented Jan. 1, $29.

I UNIT WAYNE W. WEAVER, 0F RAIHWAY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE BARBERAS- PHALT COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF WESTVIRGINIA.

snmenn.

Application filed October 23, 1925. Serial No. 64,445,

This invention relates to shingles for cov-. ering roofs or othersurfaces, and it has more particular reference to'those types made ofsheet material treated with impregnating substance to render the samewaterproof.

Primarily, the present invention has for an object the production of aninterlocking unit embodying unique features for securing the superposedcorners of successively laid rows of such shingles.

Another object is to provide an interlocking shingle capable ofbeing'laid without the use of wire or flat band fasteners, such as arenow commonly employed.

A further object is to obtain a locked buttjoint proof against the entryof wind, rain or other atmospheric elements tending to defeat thepurpose for which the shingles are intended, and also conducing todeteriorate the surface covering.

Other objectsassociated with my invention are the production of asurface covering unit which, when laid, assures an artistic finish ofregular hexagonal pattern; to enhance the shadow lines at the shinglebutts; and to increase the relative overlap of the laid shingle units;thereby affording greater protection to the surfaces covered, as well asincreasing the general durability, with corresponding counteraction ofdeteriorative effects incident to atmospheric exposure.

With the foregoing general objects in view, this invention essentiallyconsists in the matters hereinafter fully described, typicallyillustrated by the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings, andtersely defined with respect to subject-matteras well as scope-in theappended claim.

In the drawings Fig. I, is a view in plan illustrative of the manner inwhich my novel interlocking shingles are cut from standard width sheetmaterial.

Fig. II, is a face view of a detached shingle unit before being folded,and indicating the creases by dotted lines.

Fig. III, is a similar view of a shingle unit after being folded, orready for use.

Fig. IV, is a fragmentary top plan View of a surface covered with mynovel type of interlocking shingles.

Fig. V, is a plan view illustrative of the manner in which two starterelements are made from shingle units of the configuration illustrated inthe preceding views.

Fig. VI, is a detail view of the one starter element folded ready foruse.

Fig. VII, is a similar view of the other starter element; and,

Fig. VIII, is an enlarged sectional detail, taken as indicated by thearrowed lines VIII-VIII in Fig. IV.

The embodiment of this invention illustrated has been selected, fromother possible forms, as the one which is believed to exhibit the samein its most convenient, compact and effective form; while correspondingparts are designated by the same reference numerals in all the views.

Referring more in detail to the several views, and in carrying out thisinvention, I convenientlythough not essentially-make use of a length ofsheet material 8,Fig. I,

rendered flexible and weatherproof in accordance with prevailingpractice. This length of roofing material 8 is of suitable width tocompactly provide, when transversely severed at regular intervals, twoadjoining shingle blanks 9, 9, with an inter vening diamond shapedsection 10 and triangular tip portions 11, 11. In effect the section 10and portions 11, 11, might be considered waste; but in accordance withthe embodiment of this invention illustrated, and making use of athirty-six-inch wide web of rooting material 8, I provide eight-inchdiamond sections 10, that can be conveniently employed as distinctiveroofing of the threeply type. Consequently, the only real wasteinvolved, as a result of the foregoing manner of severing shingle units,is the comparatively small (approximately three-inch) equi-lateraltriangular portionssll, 11.

Individually each shingle blank 9 is of bodying upper and lowertrapeziform portions with respect to an imaginary line connecting theangular points 16, 17

Shingle blanks 9, of the configuration above set forth, are transverselyscored or creased at 18, 19 to provide retrovertible portions parallelto the upper and lower edges 12, 13; the former of which, when folded,constitutes an overlap 20, and the latter an underlap 21; the respectivepurposes whereof will hereinafter be fully explained. When therespective retroversions 20, 21, just referred to, are effected thefinished shingle is, as portrayed by Fig. III, ready for use, as lateron set forth,

In connection with shingles of the typified character I employ aplu'rality of starters 22, 23 as shown, respectively, by Figs. VI andVII, both of which are conveniently severed from shingle blanks of theconfiguration illustrated in Figs. II and V. Referring firstly to theform of starter designated 22, it will be seen that it is convenientlyout along a line 24Fig. V-from the upper portion of a creased blank 9with the overlap 20' folded as previously described. Somewhat similarlythe starter 23 is severed along a line 25 from the major portion of acreased blank 9, and it is transversely scored at 26 to provide anunderlap 27, with an overlap 20, as aforesaid. In connection with thesestarters 22, 23 it is to be noted that the blanks therefor, as bestappreciated from Fig. V, are respectively bounded by the lines a, b, 24,c; and a, b, d, 25, e, 0: whereas, the respective folded starters aretrapeziform and irregular hexagonal in configuration.

Shingles of the type above described are laid in the following mannerStarters 22,23 are alternately attached, by nails 28, to a straight orlongitudinal edge of the roof or other surface boarding 29, with theunderlap 27 of the starter 23 aligning with the overlap 20 of a starter22, as clearly illustrated at the lower right-hand corner of Fig. IV.When the aforesaid nails 28 are driven, as indicated. there areafforded, what may be conveniently termed, pockets 3O- -vide, left-handlower corner of Fig. IV-in the starters 22 of a configuration to snuglyaccommodate the underlaps 21 of the first row of spaced shingles S.These shingles S, it will be observed are self-alignin incident to theinterlocking connection ust set forth, as well as the registration ofthe angular points 16, 17 with the upper edges of the starters 23.

Nails 31 are now driven through the overlapping parts of the shingles Swith the starters 23 which result in the formation of pockets 32 in saidstarters. The second or succeeding row of shingles S is now laid byinserting the underlap 21, of each consecutive shingle, into the alignedpockets 32 of the starters 23 and applying nails 31 as before set forth;it being observable that the angular points of the shingles Sregisterwith the upper edgeof the previously laid shingles S. Succeedingrows of shingles S are similarly laid in staggered relation with respectto one another, as shown, and in accordance with known practice, but itis to be particularly noted that when shingles in accordance with thisinvention are applied to a surface the result is very artistic and ofregular hexagonal pattern, as evidenced by the heavily stippled portionof Fig. IV.

From the foregoing it will be readil understood that the individualshingles S, are securely interlocked by their underlaps 21 and overlaps20Fig. VIII-with a secure and novel butt-connection; or, in other words,each butt interlock is productive of a very pronounced shadow line dueto the double interlaps of four thicknesses of roofing material.Furthermore, it is equally apparent, my novel manner of interlockingsuccessive shingles effectively prevents the entrance of wind, rain andso forth between the surface covering and subjacent roof boards or thelike.

The foregoing description is believed to clearly establish and justifyall the objects set forth in the statement of invention; and, while itis deemed preferable to employ the particular embodiment illustrated,changes in the shape and relative proportions may, obviously, beeffected without departing from the scope of said invention orsacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention, I

A surface covering" comprising overlapping flexible shingles arranged inrows over a foundation, a shingle in one row having at its top anoutwardly and downwardly turned tab, superposed shingles overlying thesides of the first mentioned shingle and the ends of the tab and securedto the foundation by fasteners passing through the ends of the tabwhereby the tab is firmly held down and a pocket formed between the taband the body of the first mentioned shingle, and a superposed shinglehaving an inwardly and upwardly turned tab engaging within the saidpocket.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at Maurer, N. Jthis seventeenth day of ()ctober, 1925.

WAYNE w. WEAVER.

